Digital transformation, which changes the paradigm of the automotive industry, is accelerating.
According to UNECE, a single vehicle produced nowadays includes up to 150 ECUs and more than 100 million lines of software code, which is 4 times more than that of a single fighter jet.
Vehicles are indeed becoming the most complex and huge electronic device.

The process of accommodating the flow of autonomous driving, expanded infotainment, 5G connectivity, and vehicle electrification is changing.
Vehicles have gradually added new electronic controls (ECUs) with own power, processing, data and connectivity for new features.
However, there are limitations to scaling the architecture while accommodating all the new requirements for computing power, data processing, and power distribution.
Automotive manufacturers should be able to integrate and reconstruct EE architectures as efficiently as possible to meet future automotive requirements.

In building a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) strategy, how efficient vehicle control is to connect the various service areas associated with the vehicle and the interior of the vehicle is important.
Because MaaS is based on a fully autonomous vehicle, implementation of the EE architecture is essential for overall vehicle control.

In the past, distributed E/E architecture, in which many ECUs communicate with each HW and SW, has been mainly used, but recently, domain methods are used to combine
ECUs into one domain for each function and process them by a domain control unit (DCU).
In the future, it will go beyond that and use a centralized approach.